Optimal. Leaf size=171 \[ \frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}+\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.11, antiderivative size = 171, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 7, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 18, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.222, Rules used = {1433, 1107,
209, 213} \begin {gather*} \frac {\text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {7}-\sqrt {3}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {7}-\sqrt {3}\right )}}-\frac {\text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}+\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {7}-\sqrt {3}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {7}-\sqrt {3}\right )}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 209
Rule 213
Rule 1107
Rule 1433
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1+x^4}{1-5 x^4+x^8} \, dx &=\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1}{1-\sqrt {7} x^2+x^4} \, dx+\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1}{1+\sqrt {7} x^2+x^4} \, dx\\ &=\frac {\int \frac {1}{-\frac {\sqrt {3}}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {7}}{2}+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\frac {\sqrt {3}}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {7}}{2}+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{-\frac {\sqrt {3}}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {7}}{2}+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\frac {\sqrt {3}}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {7}}{2}+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3}}\\ &=\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}+\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (-\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}}} x\right )}{\sqrt {6 \left (\sqrt {3}+\sqrt {7}\right )}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3 in
optimal.
time = 0.01, size = 55, normalized size = 0.32 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{4} \text {RootSum}\left [1-5 \text {$\#$1}^4+\text {$\#$1}^8\&,\frac {\log (x-\text {$\#$1})+\log (x-\text {$\#$1}) \text {$\#$1}^4}{-5 \text {$\#$1}^3+2 \text {$\#$1}^7}\&\right ] \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
3.
time = 0.02, size = 42, normalized size = 0.25
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}-5 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\textit {\_R}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 \textit {\_R}^{7}-5 \textit {\_R}^{3}}\right )}{4}\) | \(42\) |
risch | \(\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}-5 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\textit {\_R}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 \textit {\_R}^{7}-5 \textit {\_R}^{3}}\right )}{4}\) | \(42\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 574 vs.
\(2 (123) = 246\).
time = 0.36, size = 574, normalized size = 3.36 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{48} \, {\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} + 3 \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {4 \, x^{2} + {\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} + 5 \, \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} - \frac {1}{24} \, {\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} x + 3 \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {2} x\right )} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}}\right ) - \frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{48} \, {\left ({\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} - 3 \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {4 \, x^{2} - {\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} - 5 \, \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5} - 2 \, {\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} x - 3 \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {2} x\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}}\right ) + \frac {1}{24} \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \log \left ({\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} - 3 \, \sqrt {6}\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} + 12 \, x\right ) - \frac {1}{24} \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \log \left (-{\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} - 3 \, \sqrt {6}\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} + 12 \, x\right ) - \frac {1}{24} \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \log \left ({\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} + 3 \, \sqrt {6}\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} + 12 \, x\right ) + \frac {1}{24} \, \sqrt {6} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} \log \left (-{\left (\sqrt {7} \sqrt {6} \sqrt {3} + 3 \, \sqrt {6}\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {7} \sqrt {3} + 5}} + 12 \, x\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [A]
time = 0.08, size = 24, normalized size = 0.14 \begin {gather*} \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (5308416 t^{8} - 11520 t^{4} + 1, \left ( t \mapsto t \log {\left (9216 t^{5} - 16 t + x \right )} \right )\right )} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 1.76, size = 483, normalized size = 2.82 \begin {gather*} \frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {12005\,2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,x\,{\left (5-\sqrt {21}\right )}^{1/4}}{2\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}-1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}\right )}-\frac {7889\,2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\sqrt {21}\,x\,{\left (5-\sqrt {21}\right )}^{1/4}}{6\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}-1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}\right )}\right )\,{\left (5-\sqrt {21}\right )}^{1/4}}{12}-\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,x\,{\left (5-\sqrt {21}\right )}^{1/4}\,12005{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}-1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}\right )}-\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\sqrt {21}\,x\,{\left (5-\sqrt {21}\right )}^{1/4}\,7889{}\mathrm {i}}{6\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}-1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {5-\sqrt {21}}\right )}\right )\,{\left (5-\sqrt {21}\right )}^{1/4}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{12}+\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {12005\,2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {21}+5\right )}^{1/4}}{2\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}+1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}\right )}+\frac {7889\,2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\sqrt {21}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {21}+5\right )}^{1/4}}{6\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}+1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}\right )}\right )\,{\left (\sqrt {21}+5\right )}^{1/4}}{12}-\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {21}+5\right )}^{1/4}\,12005{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}+1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}\right )}+\frac {2^{3/4}\,\sqrt {3}\,\sqrt {21}\,x\,{\left (\sqrt {21}+5\right )}^{1/4}\,7889{}\mathrm {i}}{6\,\left (4802\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}+1029\,\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {21}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {21}+5}\right )}\right )\,{\left (\sqrt {21}+5\right )}^{1/4}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{12} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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